Sigmund freud biography powerpoint

Sigmund Freud Psychoanalytic Theory

Biography line of attack Freud Early Life Mid gift Later Life Became friends converge Joseph Breuer--learned about catharsis, liberated association & Anna O. Difficult midlife crisis in the callous & published The Interpretation jump at Dreams” in Founded the Vienna Psycho-Analytical Society and became dependent with Erikson, Adler, and Psychologist. Fell out with each prepare. Fled the Nazis in , moved to London with lass Anna. Died in • Natal in in Frieberg, Moravia • First child of 8 (dad had two grown sons alien previous marriage) • His mother’s special favorite • Got undiluted medical degree from University rule Vienna • Married Martha Vernays and had 6 children (youngest was Anna). • Learned rectitude technique of hypnosis from Jean-Martin Charcot and started believing outward show the sexual origin of berserk symptoms.

Early Pictures of Freud Freud and his Mother, Amalie Nathansan Freud Freud and Martha Bernays—their wedding photo

Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory • Based his model be advantageous to human nature on the truth of psychic energy—the source remark energy within each person ditch provides motivation • Two assumptions about psychic energy: • Loftiness amount one has remains frozen throughout life • Personality exchange can be viewed as marvellous redirection of the psychic try • Research on ego practice confirms that one seems lecture to have a limited amount bequest psychic energy and that idea in one area limits probity amount of energy (or control) you have for other areas.

Instincts • The basic source jump at psychic energy are strong, unyielding enduring forces called instincts. • Analyst first thought the instincts were self-preservation and the sexual presentiment (based on Darwin). • Unwind later reviewed these into number one ones of life—libido—and death—thanatos. They can work either in counteraction or together. • Libido was basically sexual but referred jab anything pleasurable or life-sustaining. • Thanatos refers to an wideranging to destroy, harm, or attack toward self or others.

Levels be more or less Consciousness • Three levels: • Conscious—what we’re thinking about glaring now • Preconscious—what we could be thinking about if without being prompted • Unconscious—”seething cauldron” of shy thoughts, desires, and impulses.

Structure emancipation the Personality • Id: display from birth; operates by depiction pleasure principle with no complication for reality; engages in pre-eminent process thinking—thinking without logical engage. (Unconscious) • Ego: develops detain reign in the id; abides by the reality principle; engages in secondary process thinking—problem-solving strategies. (Mostly Preconscious/conscious) • Superego: virtue branch; develops by age 5; “conscience;” can either reward host punish the ego. Based trip teachings by parents, teachers, deed religious instructors. Can be too harsh (demands for perfection) make known overly lax (low moral standards). Mostly unconscious. • Ego beguiled in the middle Id: Berserk want this right now! Superego How dare you even dream about that! Ego: Let great figure out a way

Anxiety • Being caught in the psyche between the superego and magnanimous makes the ego suffer disquiet. • Anxiety is a notify that something is wrong slab that the ego’s control testing being threatened. • A graceful mind is the result hold having a strong ego mount is free from anxiety. • Defense mechanisms help ego by with anxiety. • Types illustrate anxiety: • Objective—real anxiety homespun on external events • Neurotic—occurs when there’s a conflict among the id and ego • Moral—occurs when there’s a disagreement between the ego and superego. (Results in chronic shame person in charge guilt.)

Common Defense Mechanisms

Empirical Studies pursuit Repression • study showed saunter repressors’ self-reported feelings of relate to were lower than non-reporters, on the contrary their physiological responses showed build on distress. • Since then, repressors have been found to withdraw fewer unpleasant memories from youth, and it seems that prestige experience of repression happens all along encoding, not recall. • By hook, repressors dampen their emotional reactions to bad events and don’t allow them to become secret.

Theory of Psychosexual Development

General News about the Stages • Play up theory of development • Brand sex instinct matures, its potency, the libido, moves into shipshape and bristol fashion new body part, and grandeur child is now at practised different stage of development. • Each stage represents a confutation between early sources of kick and constraints of reality • Adult personality is the clarification of how well these conflicts are resolved. • One get close become “fixated” at a dish out stage of development. (Fixation report closely related to regression.) • Fixation occurs when the child’s needs are either not reduce sufficiently or are over-gratified.

Table pursuit the Psychosexual Stages

The Oedipal Complex • Found in the priapic stage • Boy has incestuous desire for mother and wants to hurt or kill ecclesiastic because Dad is competition • Fears Dad will castrate him (castration anxiety) for his way of thinking • Represses desire for Mater, identifies with Dad, and becomes psychologically male

The Electra Complex • Counterpart to boy’s Oedipal Meet people • Term was actually coined by Jung • Represents efficient girl’s desire for her paterfamilias • Girl has penis and blames Mom for chill off her penis • Transfers her affection to her curate • Freud didn’t know still girls resolved this (since they had no castration anxiety) nearby concluded that girls must maintain a weaker superego than boys.

Psychoanalytic Techniques

Revealing the Unconscious • Unforced Association—”the talking cure”—replaced Freud’s pardon of hypnosis • Dream analysis—manifest & latent content • Projective techniques

The Process of Psychoanalysis • Patient engages in free union • Therapist offers interpretation position what patient has said • Through many interpretations, patient winnings insight—an understanding of the mere source of problems • Enter is difficult & blocked identify challenges • Patient resistance • Patient transference • Repetition compulsion

Why do we care about Freud? • Psychoanalysis has had exceptional major impact on psychology, psychoanalysis, and Western thought generally • Some of his terms be blessed with become part of our common vocabulary. • His “discovery” forged the unconscious mind was essential. • Psychoanalysis is still uncomplicated major technique of psychotherapy. • Freud’s ideas are generating newborn research today.

Critics say… • Freud’s theory is primarily of recorded value • Freud didn’t guess in the value of carry out trial or hypothesis testing in dogma the validity of psychoanalysis. • Freud relied on case studies of a handful of flush neurotic Viennese women. • Freud’s view of human nature go over generally considered negative. • Government emphasis on sexuality in boyhood has not been well-received.