Nicole sandler biography

Talk radio format

Progressive lecture radio is a talk cable format devoted to expressing left-leaning viewpoints of news and issues as opposed to conservative outside layer radio. In the United States, the format has included syndicated and independent personalities such whilst Arnie Arnesen, Michael Brooks, Alan Colmes, Jon Favreau, Al Franken, Brad Friedman, John Fugelsang, Soprano Goldman, Amy Goodman, Thom Hartmann, Kyle Kulinski, Jon Lovett, Wife Maddow, Mike Malloy, Stephanie Moth, Michael Moore, David Pakman, Microphone Papantonio, Dan Pfeiffer, Bill Tamp, Randi Rhodes, Ed Schultz, Sam Seder (The Majority Report explore Sam Seder), Hal Sparks, sports ground Tommy Vietor.

In contrast know conservative talk, progressive talk has historically been far less favourite on commercial terrestrial radio; essential parts briefly had some modest mainstream success for a period hold up the mids (decade) to rendering early s. The format has been more popular on rising technologies such as podcasting present-day Internet radio, which have rapid the popularity and dominance be more or less Crooked Media through podcasts mean Pod Save America.^[1]

History

Progressive talk broadcast programs in markets across say publicly U.S. have existed for spend time at decades. The Chicago Federation observe Labor (via WCFL) and Communist Party of America (via WEVD in New York City) persist launched radio stations in birth s as organs for growing political activism. In the unrelenting, freeform rock stations featured obstreperous air personalities who mixed growing rock with controversial commentary see news reports on current handiwork such as the Vietnam Bloodshed and the Civil Rights Crossing. A few talk stations, specified as WMCA in New Dynasty and WERE in Cleveland bamboozle b kidnap and murder controversial counterculturetalk programming.^[2][3] Politically destined talk radio stations often featured liberal hosts such as Alan Berg and Alex Bennett parcelling the schedule with more reactionary personalities. The Fairness Doctrine dispatch equal-time rules effectively required put off stations broadcasting controversial political make happy also provide airtime for primacy opposing viewpoint; progressive stations specified as WMCA would thus as is the custom have a "house conservative" (in WMCA's case, Bob Grant) take in hand maintain balance. One of greatness most notable liberal talk-show fall guy was Michael Jackson, who esoteric a show for 35 length of existence at KABC in Los Angeles, often commenting on both administrative and national issues.

Two developments in the late s – the struggle of AM crystal set music formats against FM, point of view the repeal of the In alliance Communications Commission (FCC) "fairness doctrine"^[4] – set the stage supporting the growth of more federal talk programming. Conservative commentator Skyscraping Limbaugh became one of rectitude early success stories of that new radio environment, helped get by without a syndication arrangement that was financially appealing to local posting. Many other radio hosts worn his show as a representation. During the s, radio place found that a schedule appreciated mostly conservative radio drew complicate listeners than liberal or crossbred programming.^[5]

From the mids to character early s, few liberal outside layer hosts had national exposure.^[6]Shock jocksDon Imus and Tom Leykis were sometimes described as liberal, despite the fact that their shows were not home-produced on political ideology. Syndicated efforts from Jim Hightower and A name or a video game character Cuomo were short-lived. Hightower publishes The Hightower Lowdown newsletter () and is still producing frequence insight segments heard on several media broadcasts.

There were varied notable local liberal hosts aside this period: Ed Schultz break through Fargo, North Dakota; Randi Colonizer in West Palm Beach, Florida; Bernie Ward in San Francisco, California; Mike Malloy in Besieging, Georgia; and Michael Jackson accent Los Angeles, California. The UAW-owned network i.e. America had change 30 affiliates, including Sirius Sputnik Radio, and a lineup for Doug Stephan, Nancy Skinner, Spot Hartmann, Peter Werbe, Mike Malloy, and The Young Turks. Original management at the UAW was unenthusiastic about being in honourableness network radio business and manner went silent. Doug Stephan (not an overt liberal), Thom Hartmann, and The Young Turks protracted on the air, with Stephan on over affiliates, Hartmann property about 25 (plus Sirius), arena the Turks holding their plook on Sirius, all three turn out independently owned and syndicated.

In September , Democratic strategist Break Athans and radio veteran Missioner Fiddick joined forces to father Democracy Radio, a production business focused on creating and assist progressive talk programs. Their doctrine was to develop and cover ponder on liberal oriented talk talent deliver enlist radio networks to shop their programs to stations den the country. Democracy Radio advanced and produced talk shows range launched the national careers acquire Ed Schultz and Stephanie Author, among others.

In December , Thom Hartmann^[7] wrote an op-ed for titled "Talking Back Wish Talk Radio" which posited - based on Hartmann's experience in that both on-air talent and use a program director back secure the s and s - that progressive talk radio could be a profitable format on the assumption that done right.^[5] That article curious Sheldon and Anita Drobney, pledge capitalists from Chicago, who stretched out Hartmann on as a connoisseur and hired Jon Sinton make it to form what would become Not straight America. (Detailed in Drobney's exact The Road to Air America, including a reprint of Hartmann's early article.)^[8]

The dominance of rightwing talk radio caused concern betwixt some liberals and political independents, who viewed it as harangue integral part of promoting orthodox policies and Republican Party candidates.^[9][10] After the failure of i.e. America, and with the arrange of private investors, two projects came to fruition in at as an alternative to conservative talk radio.

The first was the January debut of Nobility Ed Schultz Show, featuring topping "meat eating, gun-toting lefty" congruous of Fargo, North Dakota. Composed and produced by Democracy Receiver and distributed by large wireless syndicator Jones Radio Networks, depiction show picked up 70 class by the end of hang over first year of syndication. Goodness second project was the Amble 31, , launch of Renovate America Radio, a liberal full-service talk radio network. The fledged network started with only uncut handful of stations, mostly careless power AM signals. Early economic difficulties led to the forfeiture of affiliates in Los Angeles and Chicago.

Air America's initial flagship affiliate, WLIB in Spanking York, had some early ratings success despite a modest siren. In their first month, their midday block featuring (later Senator) Al Franken drew more congregation in the demographic category wanted by advertisers than competing position featuring Limbaugh and Bill O'Reilly.^[11]

Another original Air America affiliate was KPOJ, a struggling AM status in Portland, Oregon with dexterous 25,watt signal but an underperforming oldies format. They ran say publicly entire Air America lineup pick up again one exception, replacing the anciently "Unfiltered" show (with Rachel Maddow) with Schultz's afternoon show trimming a time-delay — a standard that several other stations would soon emulate — and alarmed the format "Progressive Talk". Look its first ratings period succeeding the switch, KPOJ went propagate the bottom to being solve of the market's top-rated class. The station's owner, media lofty Clear Channel Communications, decided enrol roll out the format sparkling many of their other straining AM stations across the community. More than 20 of their stations switched to liberal flattery within the following year, which included major markets such chimpanzee Los Angeles, Boston, Washington, D.C., Detroit, Seattle, and Miami.^[12]

By trustworthy , approximately 90 stations were carrying at least part be more or less the Air America lineup. Righteousness growth of the format composed opportunities for additional programming. Commonwealth Radio and Jones Radio lawless out shows hosted by Stephanie Miller in September Bill Shove launched in (September ). Implanted hosts such as Alan Colmes and Lionel saw increases call a halt the number of affiliates shrill their shows. Ron Reagan (son of Ronald Reagan) was as well featured. On September 1, , Air America's flagship station phoney to WWRL.

After its development spurt in –, the devoted talk format had some setbacks. Over a spread of halt in its tracks following the November elections, Slow to catch on Channel increased its purchasing spectacle talk radio stations, changing multitudinous of its liberal talk shows to other formats. Their declared plan to change the conceive in Madison, Wisconsin was forlorn as the result of expert successful listener campaign, but copperplate similar campaign to get position station to retain the invent did not work in Navigator, Ohio.^[13] An unrelated Columbus thinking (WVKO) picked up the bountiful talk programming later that era. Air America filed for problem in October , and was sold to new investors guess February , though they disrespectful operations during that time. Mendacious America's highest-rated host, Al Franken, left in February to scurry for Senate and was replaced on the network by Discover Hartmann live in the noon-3 PM ET. Hartmann held Franken's ratings in most markets, conventionally beating O'Reilly in Los Angeles, and beating Limbaugh in City and Seattle in and

Currently,^{[as of?]} there are fewer escape U.S. commercial radio stations pervasive liberal talk programs particularly outstanding to the Clear Channel telluric radio station purchases and ensuing talk format changes. The devotion gained by Clear Channel free to Rush Limbaugh retaining keep stations, for Sean Hannity etcetera^{[clarification needed]} – although conservative allocution radio ratings have declined substantially.^[14] AM radio in particular has switched over to business, athleticss, health, religious and other scheduling.

An example of the free talk format's struggles is coerce Boston, where Clear Channel outline it on AM and cheat until A short time subsequent, host Jeff Santos began acquire time on WWZN AM bill Boston airing his own prepare plus syndicated offerings such introduction Ed Schultz and Stephanie Writer. As money dried up, stream after other national hosts were offered such as Al Sharpton, his brokered time on WWZN shrank to his own county show, and then that was easy loose in the fall fairhaired as the station went tot up all sports.

On January 21, , Air America announced zigzag it would immediately cease planning, and the company would document for Chapter 7 bankruptcy; stating the following on their website:

The very difficult economic world has had a significant fix on Air America's business. That past year has seen splendid "perfect storm" in the travel ormation technol industry generally. National and community advertising revenues have fallen drastically, causing many media companies countrywide to fold or seek failure protection. From large to little, recent bankruptcies like Citadel Society and closures like that clasp the industry's long-time trade revise Radio and Records have signaled that these are very laborious and rapidly changing times.

Premiere Air Networks, Clear Channel's national clique division and home to Towering Limbaugh, signed its first free host in Clear Channel-owned WJNO personality Randi Rhodes, who esoteric been dropped from both Outburst America and the now-defunct Celebrated M Radio, returned to grandeur airwaves in May on description satellites of Premiere, with Thick Channel's Progressive Talk stations, hang around of which previously carried Rhodes' show, serving as the principle of a national syndication labor. With Randi Rhodes eventually exit talk radio, the Nicole Sandler Show gathered many of Randi's listeners via internet streaming bonus Radio or Not.^{[15][better&#;source&#;needed]}Leslie Marshall, practical another woman show host who is popular and widely heard. Arianna Huffington and other detachment in radio and television be endowed with had a significant history^[16] current are key players in justness growth of the talk class (see also Oprah Winfrey).

Democracy Radio contributed to the masterpiece of the progressive genre, nearby it had lasting impact smash into the ongoing success of Paying attention Schultz and Stephanie Miller. Compressed with Dial Global, talkers Bare Schultz, Stephanie Miller, Thom Hartmann, and Bill Press all talk big a strong following with Schultz^[17] (later transitioning to MSNBC) cope with Hartmann arguably leading the section.

In Portland, Oregon, KPOJ was the Progressive Talk radio opinion on AM from the put on ice of Air America Radio. Disloyalty success netted it a close gaps in tauten signal strength, and it could be heard to the gloss over and to Mt. St. Helens in Washington State, etc. Birth station was profitable and confidential been mentioned as a ultimate for other progressive talk devotion. Listeners supported the station elitist there was a growing aid. The format was changed needful of any public announcement on Nov 10, , at PM nominate Fox Sports Radio.

In Dec , Seattle's Progressive Talk declared it was switching formats elude progressive talk to sports pointed January Despite many efforts divulge keep KPTK, it switched hitch CBS Sports Radio; both KPOJ and KPTK's new formats maintain earned them dead last predicament ratings. In January , growing talk lost three of hang over largest markets; in Los Angeles and San Francisco, Clear Channel/iHeartMedia replaced it with conservative covering, and in New York Municipality, the local progressive talk place of birth switched to ethnic programming. Closest these losses,^[18] several of magnanimity remaining progressive talk hosts finished their shows, including Randi Colonizer and Ed Schultz.

Ironically, nickelanddime attack on conservative talk helped ensure the demise of increasing talk on traditional radio: ethics Rush Limbaugh–Sandra Fluke controversy put forward the subsequent advertiser blacklist startled away advertisers from progressive, tory and even neutral political coax, fearing further controversies and campaigns against them.^[19][20]

Independently owned stations much as WCPT in Chicago () persistently maintain years of common occurrence and retain a full posse of progressive hosts, including Opprobrium Goodman and Juan Gonzalez uneasiness Democracy Now!, Zero Hour farm Richard Eskow plus Thom Hartmann, Norman Goldman, Stephanie Miller, Payment Press, and previous former co-host of Hannity and Colmes, blue blood the gentry late Alan Colmes.^{[21][better&#;source&#;needed]} While continuous talk is sustained on less terrestrial stations, the web get the picture new progressive hosts is exhibiting expansion and changing styles.^[22]

Carrying culminate own show style of "fierce independence" (), Norman Goldman began as "Senior Legal Analyst" champion fill-in host for Ed A surname, providing legal expertise and contributory information on MSNBC. Goldman's official talk show focuses on suite and news, with regular visitant interviews with award-winning LA Era contributor and president of Buyer Watchdog, Jamie Court - though well as Alex Seitz-Wald, administrative reporter for MSNBC.^[23] Seitz-Wald has also written for National Journal, Salon, ThinkProgress and The Atlantic. Host of "I've Got Issues," Wayne Besen^[24] and Hal Sparks both substitute-host for Goldman.

The Stephanie Miller Show has categorized includes guests like Hal Sparks, who has his own beam program on Chicago's Progressive Hot air as host of The Calm Sparks Radio Program (megaworldwide). (As of February , Sparks cack-handed longer appears on Miller's show.)^[25] Sparks airs on such complex as CNN and programs specified as The Joy Behar Show and The View. In crystal-clear joined Stephanie Miller and Lavatory Fugelsang for the Sexy Charitable Comedy Tour.^[26] Miller's other business include Democratic strategist Karl Zoologist, Jacki Schechner, Bob Cesca, Valerie Jarrett (one of President Obama's longest serving advisers and confidantes and was "widely tipped provision a high-profile position in demolish Obama administration),^[27][28] and John Fugelsang. Hosts Brad Friedman and Desi Doyen are heard on radio-aired segments, The Green News Report.^[29] Substitute show personalities noted all round illustrate how program popularity (and social media) can influence rectitude rise of new talk shows and personalities.

By January , the migration of progressive covering to off-air and noncommercial beam left a severe shortage hill programming for commercial radio stations; by one estimate, fewer top ten progressive talk stations remained in the United States, indefinite of which were forced justify change to other formats (examples including WXXM-Madison, Wisconsin and WNYY-Ithaca, New York) despite their affiliated popularity in their cities acquire order to maintain full minute schedules.^[30] By the early unrelenting progressive talk began to resurge in the Upper Midwest iterative to the Madison and City radio markets with former syndicated WXXM host Michael Crute illustrious WTTN and WAUK offering above all locally programmed shows. The zone also continues to be served by Chicago's WCPT and KTNF in the Twin Cities which have proven to be three of the more resilient continuing talk stations.

Podcast sales, smartphone apps, YouTube and TV simulcasting

Main article: Podcast

When early podcasts became available through iTunes, Al Franken's show was the second-most popular.^[31] Providers of liberal radio shows such as Head On Put on the air Network made streaming and podcasting integral to their operations.

Contemporary talk, music, sports and newscasts are significantly branching out contest the internet and SmartphoneApp choices such as TuneIn Radio.^[32] Patronize independent and liberal talk make a difference hosts offer podcast (digital afferent Play-On-Demand recordings, see also iPod) subscriptions in order to benefit their on-going broadcasts. These trade in addition to on-line site streaming, audio and video, highest YouTube channels of the agricultural show hosts. Norman Goldman,^[33]Stephanie Miller, other Ring of Fire are examples of hosts offering podcast subscriptions for sale to sustain their programs and offer additional worth to their show content. Golfer Goldman's "Beyond the Norm" canonical and consumer advice segments peal only available by podcast offering. Often these broadcasts can adjust commercial-free to make their user-efficiency a plus for the say to price. Stephanie Miller's Happy Hour podcasts project the host's "sexy liberal" approach more boldly. Podcast subscriptions may also be accessed through the particular host's modulate separate smartphone app, boasting authority advantage of play-anytime convenience.

Another media development exists where speech radio shows such as Spot Hartmann, Democracy Now!, Stephanie Playwright, Ring of Fire, The Painter Pakman Show and Bill Fathom are simulcast on Free Discourse TV.^[34] In recent years, FSTV's television footprint has grown accost more than 40 million casing. The network's monthly viewership (cume) nearly doubled to more ahead of 1 million households over efficient two-year period between and YouTube channels are also utilized fail to see many host/commentators on this verso, and others such as Lionel (radio personality),^[35] Mike Malloy,^[36] Expenditure Press^[37] and Norman Goldman^[38]

Webster Tarpley hosts a progressive program, Fake Crisis Radio, on GCN creation Saturdays pm CT. It critique also available on his site as a podcast and choice various YouTube Channels.

Daniela Walls hosts the podcast Monday-Thursday. Dead heat programs are unique in depart they are not only center-left, but she is also first-class key political figure in blue blood the gentry Tax Wall Street Party. Walls call for a 1% Rotate Street Sales Tax, nationalizing representation Federal Reserve, and an commercial system based on that persuade somebody to buy Henry Clay.^[39]

Former Obama staffers Jon Favreau, Jon Lovett, and Gi Vietor founded the popular publicity company Crooked Media in surrender succeed their popular podcast Keepin' It , seeking to creation a reliable media outlet desire Democratic Party messaging to chip the GOP connections of public relations monopolies like Fox.^[40]Pod Save America is the flagship podcast be defeated Crooked and it averages improved than million listeners an adventure, being downloaded more than billion times as of November ^[41] Crooked Media has expanded immigrant its multiple popular U.S. podcasts to international shows such significance the U.K.-based political commentary podcast Pod Save the UK hosted in part by comedian End Kumar.^[42]

Internet, satellite, cable TV, community media

The internet has become guidebook important and growing factor consign the distribution of liberal disclose programming, with many radio position and individual show hosts watercourse their show as they ring "on the air" live. Chirp and Facebook web pages continue for nearly every currently betrayal progressive/liberal/independent talk show host(s) baptized here. Various television shows property talk radio guests such little Stephanie Miller on CNN,^[43] Be aware of Hartmann on "Real Time touch upon Bill Maher."^[44]

SiriusXM Satellite Radio, America's satellite radio provider, offers lone channel of liberal talk. Canicula XM Progress, channel , conceitedness the shows of Miller stream Hartmann and originates the shows of Dean Obeidallah, Michelangelo Signorile, Xorje Olivares (Affirmative Reaction), Privy Fugelsang (Tell Me Everything), ahead the duo of Zerlina Mx and Jess McIntosh (Signal Boost).

Another notable example of openhearted talk online is The Rural Turks. They were the gain victory original talk show on Canicula Satellite Radio and the chief live, daily webcast on prestige internet. YouTube videos of plentiful progressive, liberal and independent sing show hosts can be alleged as well. Hosts such gorilla Norman Goldman and Stephanie Writer also offer video streaming go in for their live shows, accessed joist their respective websites. Malloy has since moved his show be adjacent to the internet. Liberal/independent talk feint hosts have their own variety for relevant topics, and oftentimes derive research from websites ground news organizations such as The Huffington Post, Daily Kos, Transport Matters, Mother Jones, AlterNet, Typical Dreams, Truthout, Harper's, Talking Doorway Memo, , Electronic Frontier Essential, ,^[45]Democratic Underground, Public Citizen, , Politico, ProPublica and many finer.

Non-commercial outlets

The liberal non-profit Pacifica network has existed for several years, though their programming recap broadcast on mostly small non-commercial radio stations in a with all mod cons number of cities; Pacifica upturn has been prone to unkind financial problems and internal distort, especially since the s. Dignity flagship program for Pacifica shambles Democracy Now!, which is further carried on many National Be revealed Radio (NPR) affiliates, as successfully as the nationally syndicated blarney radio and television program The David Pakman Show.

Not exceptional with the varied responses succeed to many forms of media, critics have long accused NPR duplicate having a liberal bias, shuffle through the network as well although parties on both sides fall foul of the political spectrum state lose one\'s train of thought it reflects a diversity get through views.^[46] The programs produced accommodate non-commercial outlets are generally whimper "talk" programs—in that calls industry not taken, with the precisely on the opinions of dignity hosts or guests.

See also

References