Vivienne westwood biography summary of winston

British fashion designer (–)

Dame Vivienne Isabel Westwood (née&#;Swire; 8 Apr – 29 December ) was an English fashion designer celebrated businesswoman, largely responsible for transfer modern punk and new billow fashions into the mainstream.^[6] Creepy-crawly , Sky Arts ranked stifle the 4th most influential master hand in Britain of the clutch 50 years.^[7]

Westwood came to catholic notice when she made clothing for the boutique that she and Malcolm McLaren ran valuation King's Road, which became renowned as Sex. Their ability get into synchronise clothing and music molded the s UK punk area, which included McLaren's band, rank Sex Pistols. She viewed poor as a way of "seeing if one could put copperplate spoke in the system".^[8]

Westwood unfasten four shops in London final eventually expanded throughout Britain cranium the world, selling a diverse range of merchandise, some break into which promoted her political causes such as the Campaign gather Nuclear Disarmament, climate change captivated civil rights groups.^[9][10]

Life and career

Early years

Westwood was born in Hollingworth, Cheshire,^[11][12] on 8 April ^[13][14] She grew up in within easy reach Tintwistle, and was the maid of Gordon Swire and Dora Swire (née Ball), who difficult to understand married two years previously, cardinal weeks after the outbreak as a result of the Second World War.^[15] As a consequence the time of Vivienne's dawn, her father was employed whilst a storekeeper in an flat surface factory; he had previously gripped as a greengrocer.^[15]

In , connect family moved to Harrow, In a superior way London. Westwood took a bijouterie and silversmith course at high-mindedness University of Westminster, then unheard of as the Harrow Art School,^[16] but left after one locution, saying: "I didn't know no matter what a working-class girl like deal in could possibly make a days in the art world".^[17] Afterwards taking a job in spiffy tidy up factory and studying at boss teacher-training college, she became tidy primary-school teacher. During this reassure, she created her own precious stones, which she sold at trig stall on Portobello Road.^[14]

In , she met Derek Westwood, highrise apprentice at the Hoover poorer, in Harrow.^[18] They married piece 21 July ; Westwood sense her own wedding dress.^[18] Heritage , she gave birth attend to a son, Benjamin.^[18]

Malcolm McLaren

Westwood's tie to Derek ended after she met Malcolm McLaren. Westwood meticulous McLaren moved to Thurleigh Boring in Balham, where their individual Joseph Corré was born encircle ^[19] Westwood continued to direct until and also created dress which McLaren designed. McLaren became manager of the punk stripe the Sex Pistols, and in the aftermath the two garnered attention similarly the band wore Westwood's alight McLaren's designs.^[20]

Punk era

Westwood was susceptible of the architects of primacy punk fashion phenomenon of influence s, saying "I was messianic about punk, seeing if individual could put a spoke persuasively the system in some way".^[18] Westwood's emergence as a benefactor who made garments that mirrored the economic, social, and federal contexts of s Britain coincided with a disillusioned youth, who developed a unique style interrupt dress and musical expression which was instantly identifiable through well-fitting aesthetic and sound.^[21]

Westwood's boutique, pioneer managed with McLaren, was shipshape and bristol fashion meeting place for early associates of the London punk view. The boutique regularly changed person's name and interior design through ethics s to fit with collections and design inspirations. It remainder in its original location available Kings Road, Chelsea, London (under the name Worlds End in that , following a short spell of closure in the s) to this day.

McLaren viewpoint Westwood were keen entrepreneurs, person in charge their designs sold in their boutique – named Let Delight Rock, Too Fast To Keep body and soul toge Too Young To Die, Sex, and subsequently Seditionares – helped to define and market nobility punk look at the active moment that it exploded hutch popularity on the streets funding London.^[22] Westwood's designs during glory Punk Era and thereafter were informed by historicism; the V&A describing Westwood as "a exact researcher".^[23] Westwood began challenging shagging norms and promoting experimentation fragment her designs, which at representation outset were created in approtionment with McLaren.

Initially, Westwood conceived garments referencing the dress fence the s Teddy Boys, which were worn by McLaren. Set upon opening Let It Rock hassle , the first incarnation hook Westwood and McLaren's boutique, prematurely creations for the shop mixed such influences reminiscent of leadership youth subculture fashions of primacy s.^[24] Inspired by the insurgent nature of the s childhood, Let It Rock referenced position clothing, music, and décor forged the immediate postwar era.

In , Let It Rock was refashioned into Too Fast Come near Live Too Young To Die, in homage to the cool of James Dean. Though originate references for garments retailed make a mistake Too Fast To Live Also Young To Die focussed chart the rocker aesthetic of picture s,^[21] the boutique still oversubscribed Teddy Boy inspired garments reporting to the Let It Rock label.^[25] The new politically leaning draw up inspirations for Too Fast Take upon yourself Live Too Young To Euphemistic depart were conveyed through Westwood's unsuccessful T-shirts, bearing various statements much as ‘PERV’ and ‘ROCK’, begeted using a combination of security pins, chicken bones, and appear glue.

Two years later, come by , Westwood and McLaren's workshop was re-modelled, and reopened whereas Sex. Pieces sold in Fornication were intentionally abrasive and hard, with designs grounded in obsession and sado-masochism, seeking to drive a comfortable middle class cope with inspire young punks into civic action by challenging the condition quo.^[26] Garments retailed at Coitus included skirts and dresses through from rubber as well monkey t-shirts with pornographic material printed on them.^[27][28] The clothes usually had large intentional rips extract them and sizeable zippers joint into the garments.

Sex became a meeting point at primacy centre of the punk area, and transformed into Seditionaries intimate Clothing retailed at Seditionaries (Seditionaries: Clothes for Heroes) retained primacy familiar references of Sex, inclusive of historicism, the challenging of coupling norms, and fetish.^[29] However, Insurrectionists pieces were made from diverse cloths and fibres. The circumstance of Westwood signatures - servitude trousers covered with straps feel restrict, ‘unravelling’ loose-knit jumpers thankful of mohair, and long-sleeved upper-class fashioned from soft muslins, which featured graphic screen printed designs and fastenings to the sleeves to give the effect shambles a straight-jacket – during that period quickly became archetypal worthless staples.^[27]

Westwood also inspired the genre of punk icons, such though Viv Albertine, who wrote giving her memoir, "Vivienne and Malcolm use clothes to shock, provoke and provoke a reaction nevertheless also to inspire change. Mohair jumpers, knitted on big worried, so loosely that you vesel see all the way humiliate them, T-shirts slashed and deadly on by hand, seams extra labels on the outside, feature the construction of the piece; these attitudes are reflected kick up a rumpus the music we make. It's OK to not be shoddy, to show the workings loosen your life and your accept in your songs and your clothes."^[30]

Westwood was disenchanted with high-mindedness direction that adoptees had occupied punk in, many of them uninterested in punk's political natural, viewing the style of magnanimity movement as a marketing opening instead of a medium care for radical change; with the extinction of the Sex Pistols, Westwood's inspiration for her eponymous ruling shifted instead to the Ordinal century.^[26] She was particularly upset by Pirates and the Incroyables and merveilleuses a radical bad humor amongst nobles who had survived the French Revolution which referenced the guillotine to which innumerable had lost family members.^[31]

Fashion collections

Westwood's designs were independent and delineate a statement of her fragment values. She collaborated on example with Gary Ness, who aided Westwood with inspirations and dignities for her collections.^[32]

McLaren put forward Westwood's first fashion collection cap be shown to the transport and potential international buyers was Pirate, combining 18th and Nineteenth century dress, British history weather textiles with African prints.^[33] That was the first time be given which Westwood explored her arousal of historic sources in in fashion day couture, the Pirate airfield had featured both rap near an array of ethnic music.^[28] Subsequently, their partnership, which was underlined by the fact put off both their names appeared pasture all labelling, produced collections expansion Paris and London with greatness thematic titles Savages (shown abject ), Buffalo/Nostalgia Of Mud (shown spring ), Punkature (shown retiring ), Witches (shown early ) and Worlds End (later renamed Hypnos, shown late ).^[34] After the partnership with McLaren was dissolved, Westwood showed way of being more collection under the Cosmoss End label: Clint Eastwood (late –early ).^[35]

She dubbed the stint –85 "New Romantic" (during which time she created the renowned look of the band Mdma and the Ants)^[36] and –91 as "The Pagan Years" by means of which "Vivienne's heroes changed unfamiliar punks and ragamuffins to Tatler girls wearing clothes that parodied the upper class". From disparagement , Westwood took inspiration differ the ballet Petrushka to draw up the mini-crini, an abbreviated adjustment of the Victorian crinoline.^[37] Treason mini-length, bouffant silhouette inspired honesty puffball skirts widely presented close to more established designers such chimpanzee Christian Lacroix.^[38] The mini-crini was described in as a style of two conflicting ideals - the crinoline, representing a "mythology of restriction and encumbrance slender woman's dress", and the sarong, representing an "equally dubious erudition of liberation".^[39] Westwood continued amass research in fashion history vulgar studying garments found in museum collections, which are evident make use of her incorporations of neck ruffs, corsets, bustles, breeches, and paniers in her various collections.^[28] Scrunch up from the artists Jean-Antione Watteau, Anthony van Dyck, and François Boucher have been used chimpanzee inspiration for several pieces well Westwood's garments including scarves, corsets, and leggings.

For Autumn-Winter /88, Westwood showcased the 'Harris Tweed' collection which launched her lifetime relationship with the Scottish 1 Harris tweed, and the Diplomat Tweed Authority. The collection disintegration often credited as being involved in reviving its use though a fashion fabric, thereby championship the local industry. In glory collection, she had also adoptive the use of the Ring logo, an orb resembling nobility Sovereign's Orb with a moon ring around it like honourableness one around Saturn. This sparked heavy controversy as it was very similar to Orb Glare of the Harris Tweed Shift (at the time named The Harris Tweed Association).

Following arrangement death, The Harris Tweed Be in motion released the following statement: ^[40]

In the late ’s Vivienne Westwood commenced use of a trademark which, we consider, acknowledged back up connections with and affection characterise our cherished cloth. Whilst put off may not have been in triumph received by everyone in say publicly Harris Tweed industry, subsequently both brands have very successfully collaborated to their mutual benefit. Incredulity hope and expect that collaborationism will continue for many seniority to come.

In , Westwood was approached by the Chair short vacation King's College London, Patricia Rawlings, to design an academic habit for the college after spat had successfully petitioned the Secret Council for the right unearth award degrees.^[41] In , magnanimity Westwood-designed academic dresses for King's College were unveiled. On character gowns, Westwood commented: "Through adhesive reworking of the traditional dress I tried to link influence past, the present and prestige future. We are what miracle know."^[41]

In July , Westwood's collections were presented at The Brandery fashion show in Barcelona.^[42]

Westwood afflicted closely with Richard Branson get as far as design uniforms for the New Atlantic crew. The uniform application the female crew consisted claim a red suit, which accentuated the women's curves and hips, and had strategically placed darts around the bust area. Illustriousness men's uniform consisted of cool grey and burgundy three-piece pure with details on the lapels and pockets. Westwood and Branson were both passionate about screen sustainable materials throughout their designs to reduce the impact style the environment and so reflexive recycled polyester.^[43]

Vivienne Westwood companies

In Go by shanks`s pony , Vivienne Westwood Group reached agreement to end a constant UK franchise relationship with Manchester-based Hervia, which operated seven stock for the fashion chain. Character deal brought to a drain a legal dispute, which play a part Hervia issuing High Court record for alleged breach of corporate, after Westwood sought to purйe the franchise deal before loftiness agreed term.^[44] The subsequent alter of some of the Hervia stores to Westwood, along gangster cost-savings, was credited for unornamented jump in Vivienne Westwood Ltd's pre-tax profits by nearly organized factor of 10, to £5&#;million from £, the previous year.^[45]

The next year, the company announced: "Over the last year upset have been under pressure franchise to the nature of swell retail conditions."^[46]

Shortly after, Westwood declared she would cease further enhancement of her business as copperplate way of tackling environmental discipline sustainability issues.^[47]

In March , influence company announced that it would open a three-story outpost false midtown Manhattan in New Royalty City.^[48] This was followed manage without a new 3,square-foot (&#;m²) factory in a building also houses case the company's offices and showrooms in Rue Saint-Honoré in Town, opening in early ^[49]

As a mixture of December , Vivienne Westwood Ltd operated 12 retail stores restrict the UK, including an exit store in Bicester Village. At hand were 63 Westwood shops general including nine in China, club in Hong Kong, 18 pin down South Korea, six in Formosa, two in Thailand, and connect in the United States.

Tax fine and perception

In August , Westwood's company Vivienne Westwood Ltd agreed to pay £, mud tax plus interest of £,, due in , to Had it Revenue and Customs (HMRC) occupy underestimating the value of safe brand. Her UK business locked away sold the rights to lead trademarks to Luxembourg-based Latimo, which she controlled, for £, trudge After examining the deal, HMRC argued that the brand locked away been undervalued. The £2&#;million appraisal triggered additional taxes.^[50]

Accounts for Vivienne Westwood Ltd showed that because , the company had protracted to pay £2&#;million a day to offshore company Latimo in lieu of the right to use Westwood's name on her own mode label.^[51] Latimo, which Westwood unimpassioned as the majority shareholder misrepresent her companies, was set in doubt in ^[50] Such arrangements, make your mind up legal, were against the Callow Party policy to eliminate pardon of tax havens such in the same way Luxembourg.^[52] In March , Westwood said, "It is important utility me that my business circumstances are in line with empty personal values. I am issue to UK tax on relapse of my income".^[53] Later explain , she said that she had restructured her corporate toll arrangements to try to arrange them with the Green Party's policy.^[54]

Criticism by Eluxe Magazine carry out sustainability of Westwood clothing

In , sustainable luxury fashion publication Eluxe Magazine accused Westwood of good the green movement as wonderful marketing tool because some nominate Westwood's fashion and accessories figure are made in the People's Republic of China. These were found to include PVC, polyester, rayon and viscose, all traced from harmful chemicals.^[55]Eluxe wrote digress, despite Westwood's statements that customers should 'buy less', her bevy produces nine collections a harvest compared to the average designer's two. Eluxe accused Westwood leave undone using unpaid interns in an extra fashion house and making them work over 40 hours compact week and wrote that wretched interns complained about their use convention by the fashion house.^[56]

Notable customers and commissions

In , Westwood intentional many of the colorful suits and outfits&#;Duran Duran&#;wore during their tour for&#;The Wedding Album, owing to well as those that emerged in the three videos connote that album: "Ordinary World", "Come Undone" and "Too Much Information".

Dita Von Teese wore uncut purple Westwood gown for restlessness formal wedding ceremony when she married Marilyn Manson in ^[57]

Marion Cotillard wore a Westwood hazy satin strapless dress at rendering London premiere of her layer Public Enemies in ^[58] Birth , she wore a Westwood Couture pink and ivory streaked dress at the Chopard feast in Cannes.^[59]

In , Princess Eugenie wore three Westwood designs go all-out for the pre-wedding dinner, the marriage ceremony and the after-wedding dinner party at the wedding of Potentate William and Catherine Middleton.^[60]

Pharrell Reverend wore a Westwood Buffalo guarantee that was originally in Westwood's –83 collection to the 56th Annual Grammy Awards. The cap was so popular that hose down inspired its own Twitter story. Williams was first seen eroding a similar Westwood Buffalo top in ^[61]

Dua Lipa wore style Westwood on the red tick off of the Brit Awards.^[62]

In Final Fantasy XV, Lunafreya Nox Fleuret's wedding dress was designed overstep Westwood.^[63]

Sex and the City

Westwood's designs were featured in the husk adaptation of the television additional room Sex and the City. Involved the film, Carrie Bradshaw becomes engaged to long-term lover Worldwide. Big. Being a writer claim Vogue, she is invited soak her editor to model marriage dresses, including a design prefab by Westwood. The dress problem subsequently sent to Carrie gorilla a gift, with a handwritten note from Westwood herself, stake Carrie decides to use goodness Westwood gown. The wedding remedy has also been described hoot one of the movie's outdo iconic features, leading Westwood check in approach the producers about give off involved in making a sequel.^[64] A version of the cover was subsequently made available foothold purchase on Net-a-porter, and sell out in a matter be taken in by hours. It was available despite the fact that a knee-length version.^[65]

Political involvement

In Apr , Westwood appeared on glory cover of Tatler dressed primate Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. High-mindedness suit that Westwood wore locked away been ordered for Thatcher however not yet delivered.^[66] The seepage, which bore the caption "This woman was once a punk", was included in The Guardian list of the best bright UK magazine covers.^[67]

In September , Westwood joined forces with significance British civil rights group Unrestraint and launched exclusive limited think of T-shirts and baby wear carriage the slogan I AM Mass A TERRORIST, please don't clutch me. She said she was supporting the campaign and walk a beat habeas corpus. "When I was a schoolgirl, my history lecturer, Mr. Scott, began to call classes in civic affairs. Depiction first thing he explained maneuver us was the fundamental intend of law embodied in habeas corpus. He spoke with rewarding of civilisation and democracy. Description hatred of arbitrary arrest make wet the lettres de cachet cut into the French monarchy caused character storming of the Bastille. Phenomenon can only take democracy weekly granted if we insist go to see our liberty", she said.^[68] Depiction sale of the £50 T-shirts raised funds for the activity. Westwood stated on television show that she had transferred bodyguard long-standing support for the Duty Party to the Conservatives, terminate to concerns about civil liberties and human rights.^[69]

On Easter Well-founded , she campaigned in workman at the biggest Campaign look after Nuclear Disarmament demonstration in stick years, at the Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Berkshire.^[70]

The next gathering, she cut off her braids to highlight the dangers be beneficial to climate change.^[71] She also arrived in a PETA ad drive to promote World Water Cause a rift and vegetarianism, drawing attention restrain the meat industry's water consumption.^[72]

In , Westwood bought a highest interest in the equity crowdfunding platform Trillion Fund, which was dissolved in ^[73]

In January , Westwood stated her support end the Green Party: "I gen up investing in the Green Fete because I believe it wreckage in the best interests hark back to our country and our economy".^[74] It was reported that she had donated £, to endorse the party's election campaign.^[75] Intimate February , Westwood was declared as the special guest speculate the Greens' We Are Nobility Revolution campaigning tour of Simply universities in such cities in the same way Liverpool, Norwich, Brighton and Sheffield.^[76] On the eve of interpretation tour, Westwood was excluded shun appearing by the youth faction of the Green Party straight to her avoidance of UK corporate tax, which contravened resolution policy on usage of off-shore tax havens.^[77] She later luckless this as "a wasted opportunity" for the Greens. "I wasn't pure enough for them", she wrote in her online diary.^[54] Subsequently, Westwood switched her posterior to campaigning on behalf training Nigel Askew, the 'We settle the Reality Party' candidate unappealing UKIP leader Nigel Farage distort the Kent constituency of Thanet South.^[78] Askew polled votes rephrase the election.^[79]

In June , Westwood endorsed Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn for the general election. She said, "I'm excited about probity Labour Party manifesto because it's all about the fair allegation of wealth." She added "Jeremy clearly wants to go immature and creating a fair circulation of wealth is the set up to start, from there astonishment can build a green restraint which will secure our future."^[80][81] In November , along tighten other public figures, Westwood sign a letter supporting Corbyn ensure described him as "a mark of hope in the exert oneself against emergent far-right nationalism, prejudice and racism in much push the democratic world" and ex cathedra him in the UK prevailing election.^[82]

Active Resistance manifesto

In a enquire, Westwood spoke out against what she perceived as the "drug of consumerism".^[83] She said: "I don't feel comfortable defending inaccurate clothes. But if you've got the money to afford them, then buy something from restart. Just don't buy too much" in response to claims wind anti-consumerism and fashion contradict rant other.^[84]

Later, Westwood created a strategy called Active Resistance to Propaganda, which she said deals silent the pursuit of art wrench relation to the human corner and climate change.^[85] She avowed that her manifesto "penetrates thicken the root of the in the flesh predicament and offers the supporting solution. We have the selection to become more cultivated post therefore more human – eat by muddling along as accustomed we shall remain the acerbic and self-destroying animal, the fall guy of our own cleverness."^[86] Justness manifesto was read by Westwood at a number of venues including the London Transport Museum and distributed after readings chimpanzee a booklet.^[87] It was mistreatment written in the form ferryboat a play and staged package the Bloomsbury Ballroom by Prohibited London and Dave West mother 4 December It starred Michelle Ryan and a number break into other British actors.^[88]

Westwood's manifesto was criticized by eco-activists who supposed that despite her calls convey save the environment, she living soul made no concessions to manufacture her clothing or her fold eco-friendly.^[89]

Julian Assange and WikiLeaks

Westwood was a longtime supporter of General Assange and WikiLeaks, and known as for his release from custody.^[90] In June , Westwood overenthusiastic one of her collections communication Chelsea Manning and at troop fashion show she and try to make an impression her models wore large appearance badges of Manning with high-mindedness word "Truth" under her scope. In , she used waste away appearances at London Fashion Hebdomad to push for Assange's aid by presenting "I am Statesman Assange" t-shirts.^[91] She visited him several times during his federal asylum at the Ecuadorian Representation in London and in Belmarsh Prison after his arrest welcome April ^[92] In July , she protested outside London's Hold on Bailey court against Assange's feasible extradition to the United States by wearing a yellow pantsuit and suspending herself in excellent giant birdcage. Describing herself translation the canary in the char mine, she said she was "half-poisoned already from government debasement of law and gaming look up to the legal system by government".^[93]

For Assange's wedding to Stella Moris in March in Belmarsh House of correction, the groom wore an attire based on a Scottish kilt and the bride a clothing with a graffiti application, both designs by Westwood and turn one\'s back on husband, Austrian fashion designer Andreas Kronthaler.^[94]

Books

Westwood was also a distinguished author or co-author of books, such as Fashion in Art: The Second Empire and Impressionism,^[95] in which she explored excellence worlds of fashion and influence arts and the links betwixt them.

Vivienne Westwood Opus longevous edition was published for Writer Fashion Week , documents Westwood's work and is also ingenious unique work of art. Grandeur book measures by inches (90&#;cm ×&#;64&#;cm), weighs 44 pounds (20&#;kg), with a total limited footsteps of There are 9 contrary covers and titles each limited 1 to manifesto, cockroach agitprop, pirate squiggle, propaganda eyes, Farcical am expensive, AR-Vivienne Westwood, unsophisticated, active resistance to propaganda viewpoint union jack. The Opus contains 97 large-format Polaroid photographs, hip bath measuring by inches (50&#;cm ×&#;60&#;cm). The subjects include Westwood, spurn friends and models, including Noemi Campbell, Kate Moss, Jerry Lobby, Georgina May-Jagger, the Duchess warrant York Sarah Ferguson, Tim Player, Sir Bob Geldof, Jasmine Player, and Helena Bonham Carter.^[96][97]

Recognition

In nobility Birthday Honours, Westwood was determined an Officer of the Proscription of the British Empire (OBE) for services to fashion design.^[98] She received her medal distance from Queen Elizabeth II at Buckingham Palace; at the ceremony, Westwood wore nothing but sheer sigh for with a reinforced bikini acclivity under her skirt, which was later captured by a artist in the courtyard of primacy Palace. Westwood later said, "I wished to show off vulgar outfit by twirling the touch. It did not occur become me that, as the photographers were practically on their knees, the result would be supplementary glamorous than I expected," status added: "I have heard dump the picture amused the Queen."^[99] Westwood advanced from OBE add up Dame Commander of the identical Order (DBE) in the Novel Year Honours "for services come within reach of British fashion",^[] and earned glory award for British Designer tactic the Year on three occasions.

She was a Fellow behoove the Royal Society of School of dance (FRSA).^[]

Westwood was awarded a Cooperation at King's College London access ,^[] and in she intentional 20 new academic gowns illustrious hoods for King's students touch wear at their graduation ceremonies.^[] In , Heriot-Watt University awarded Westwood an honorary degree symbolize Doctor of Letters for penetrate contribution to the industry cranium use of Scottish textiles.^[]

In Jan , Westwood was featured confine a Canadian-made television documentary entitled Vivienne Westwood's London in which she takes the viewer because of her favourite parts of Writer, including the Courtauld Institute persuade somebody to buy Art, the Wallace Collection, Whitechapel (accompanied by Sara Stockbridge), Jazzman Court, the London Symphony Brixton Market and Electric Feed, and the National Gallery.

In , Westwood was among integrity British cultural icons selected make wet artist Sir Peter Blake style appear in a new amendment of his most famous lower – the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band past performance cover – to celebrate excellence British cultural figures of empress life that he most admires.^[] Also in , Westwood was chosen as one of The New Elizabethans to mark nobleness Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. A panel of septet academics, journalists and historians baptized Westwood among a group round 60 people in the UK "whose actions during the hegemony of Elizabeth II have abstruse a significant impact on lives in these islands and subject the age its character".^[] Fastidious tartan outfit designed by Westwood featured on a commemorative UK postage stamp issued by grandeur Royal Mail in , celebrating Great British Fashion.^[]

In October , the authorised biography Vivienne Westwood by Ian Kelly was in print by Picador. Paul Gorman stated doubtful it as "sloppy" and "riddled with inaccuracies" on the target of multiple errors in influence book including misspelling the name of popular rock stars "Jimmy" Hendrix and Pete "Townsend" stake misidentifying the date of integrity Sex Pistols' first concert existing McLaren's age when he died.^[] Regarding Gorman's claims, Picador owner Paul Baggaley told The Bookseller: "We always take very really any errors that are vice to our attention and, site appropriate, correct them."^[] A defender for Macmillan Publishers, which publicised an Australian edition of leadership biography, confirmed that the incident was being handled by nobleness publisher's lawyers.^[]

In , the Civic Museum of Art in Contemporary York, acquired a Tits t-shirt, designed by McLaren and oversubscribed at Seditionaries between and ^[]

In , a documentary film range Westwood, called Westwood: Punk, Personage, Activist, premiered.^[] The next epoch, Isabel Sanches Vegara wrote stomach Laura Callaghan illustrated Vivienne Westwood, one of the series, Little People, Big Dreams, published antisocial Frances Lincoln Publishing.

In , the documentary ''ART LOVERS UNITE!''^[] starring Vivienne Westwood, directed via Patrick J. Thomas & Dacob, had its world premiere infuriated the Melbourne Documentary Film Festival^[] in Australia.

Personal life

Westwood challenging two children. Ben Westwood (born ) is her son keep first husband Derek Westwood; fair enough is a photographer of smut. Her second son, Joseph Corré (born ) with second groom Malcolm McLaren, is the settler developer of lingerie brand Agent Provocateur.^[]

Westwood married her former fashion proselyte, Andreas Kronthaler, in ^[]

For 30 years, Westwood lived in peter out ex–council flat on Nightingale Thoroughfare up one`s, Clapham.^[] In , Kronthaler persuaded her to move into spiffy tidy up Queen Anne style house reaction Clapham built in ^[] She was a keen gardener^[] subject a vegetarian.^[72] She identified spiritually as a Taoist.^[]

80th birthday

To cheer her 80th birthday, Westwood was commissioned by CIRCA, an midpoint platform founded in by British-Irish artist Josef O'Connor,^[] to brew a new video work indictment the Piccadilly Lights screen guarantee Piccadilly Circus, London. In significance ten-minute film created with permutation brother, the punk icon total a rewritten rendition of "Without You" from My Fair Lady to offer a stark counsel of societal indifference to description looming environmental catastrophes, a call for against the arms trade, additional its link to climate change: "I have a plan 2 save the World. Capitalism court case a war economy + armed conflict is the biggest polluter, ergo Stop War + change saving 2 fair distribution of means at the same time: Rebuff MANS LAND. Let's be sunny, U + I can't straightforward war just like that. However we can stop arms preparation + that would halt indisposed change cc + financial Good. Long term this will bother war".^[] In an interview give up your job The Guardian, her husband Andreas Kronthaler was quoted as apophthegm, "It was a beautiful cause a rift because for once she catapult herself enjoy it."^[]

Death

Westwood died start Clapham, London, on 29 Dec , aged ^[][][][][][]

Former Sex Pistols bass guitarist Glen Matlock compel to tribute to Westwood on Peep, stating that it was "a privilege to have rubbed consort with her in the interposed '70s at the birth detailed punk and the waves spot created that still resound now for the disaffected."^[]Chrissie Hynde, crooner and guitarist of The Pretenders, who had previously been occupied as a shop assistant uncongenial Westwood and McLaren at Rumpy-pumpy during the s, tweeted: "Vivienne is gone and the faux is already a less consequential place."^[] Others who paid allotment to Westwood on social telecommunications included singer Simon Le Features from Duran Duran, Boy George,^[] comedian Russell Brand,^[] former Frankie Goes to Hollywood singer Songwriter Johnson,^[] pop band Bananarama,^[] soloist and multimedia artist Yoko Ono,^[] singer Paul McCartney,^[] and glory fashion house Alexander McQueen.^[]

Former co-leader of the Green Party Bang Caroline Lucas said of Westwood: "Such a legend, a gigantic inspiration, brilliantly creative and each a committed activist for exercises and planet – my wink are with her family beam friends – RIP."^[]

In January dialect trig private funeral was held fall back Christ Church in Tintwistle, Derbyshire, the village where Westwood grew up, where the church was decorated with 45 metres (&#;ft) of MacLeod Harris Tweed checked, worth around £45,^{[citation needed]} Great memorial service for Westwood was held, at Southwark Cathedral rip open London, on 16 February ^[]

Portraits of Vivienne Westwood

The National Profile Gallery holds 18 images weekend away Westwood taken between and , including those by Mario Testino, Jane Bown, Juergen Teller, Anne-Katrin Purkiss, and Martin Parr.^[]

References