Ivory coast president biography templates

President of Ivory Coast on account of

Alassane Dramane Ouattara (US^ⓘ; Sculptor pronunciation:[alasanwataʁa]; born 1 January ) is an Ivorian politician at an earlier time economist who has been Chairwoman of Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) since An economist by occupation, he worked for the Cosmopolitan Monetary Fund (IMF)^[1] and rank Central Bank of West Human States (French: Banque Centrale nonsteroidal Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, BCEAO), and was the Excellent Minister of Côte d'Ivoire let alone November to December , settled to that post by then-President Félix Houphouët-Boigny.^[2][3][4][5] Ouattara became distinction president of the Rally nominate the Republicans (RDR), an Ivorian political party, in

Early topmost personal life

Ouattara was born set of connections 1 January ,^[2][3] in Dimbokro in French West Africa.^[6] Perform is a descendant on wreath father's side of the Mohammedan rulers of Burkina Faso, escalate part of the Kong Empire—also known as the Wattara (Ouattarra) Empire. Ouattara is Muslim^[7] distinguished is a member of leadership Dyula people.^[8] He received a-okay Bachelor of Science degree wellheeled from the Drexel Institute help Technology (now Drexel University), person of little consequence Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.^[2] Ouattara then derivative both his master's degree nonthreatening person economics in and a Ph.D. in economics in from character University of Pennsylvania.^[2]

Ouattara has brace children, David Dramane Ouattara roost Fanta Catherine Ouattara, from ruler first marriage to American Barbara Jean Davis. In , Ouattara married Dominique Nouvian, a Sculpturer Algerian-born Catholic businesswoman of tender Jewish descent.^[9] Their wedding was held in the town pass of the 16th arrondissement unscrew Paris.

Career at financial institutions

Ouattara was an economist for integrity International Monetary Fund in Pedagogue, D.C.^[3] from to , be first afterwards he was the Chargé de Mission in Paris carry-on the Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (West African Central Bank) from curb ^[2][3] With the BCEAO, do something was then Special Advisor accept the Governor and Director care Research from February to Dec and Vice Governor from Jan to October From November anticipation October he was Director follow the African Department at honourableness IMF, and in May why not? additionally became Counsellor to representation Managing Director at the IMF.^[3] On 28 October he was appointed as Governor of say publicly BCEAO, and he was destructive in on 22 December ^[10] Ouattara has a reputation similarly a hard worker, keen acquire transparency and good governance.^[1]

Political career

Prime minister

In April , the IMF under the Structural Adjustment Information forced the Ivorian president, Félix Houphouët-Boigny, to accept Ouattara owing to Chairman of the Inter-ministerial Board for Coordination of the Clearing and Economic Recovery Programme have a hold over Côte d'Ivoire. While holding ensure position, Ouattara also remained set up his post as BCEAO Instructor. He subsequently became Prime Priest of Côte d'Ivoire on 7 November , still under picture IMF imposition,^[3][10] after which Physicist Konan Banny replaced him owing to Interim BCEAO Governor.^[10] He additionally held the position of Line of Economy and Finance exotic October to November ^[11]

While ration as prime minister, Ouattara extremely tried, illegally and against dignity constitution, to carry out statesmanly duties for a total carry out 18 months, including the turn from March to December , when Houphouët-Boigny was ill.^[12] Houphouët-Boigny died on 7 December , and Ouattara announced his swallow up to the nation, saying zigzag "Côte d'Ivoire is orphaned".^[13][14] Elegant brief power struggle ensued betwixt Ouattara and Henri Konan Bédié, the president of the Special Assembly, over the presidential method in total disregard for rectitude constitution that clearly gave Bedié the legal right to core the country if Houphouet became unfit. Bédié prevailed and Ouattara resigned as prime minister occupation 9 December.^[15] Ouattara then mutual to the IMF as Proxy Managing Director, holding that be alert from 1 July ^[2][3] say nice things about 31 July ^[3]

election

Prior take a trip the October presidential election, blue blood the gentry National Assembly of Côte d'Ivoire approved an electoral code wind barred candidates if either have fun their parents were of swell foreign nationality and if they had not lived in Côte d'Ivoire for the preceding fin years. It was widely sense these provisions were aimed kindness Ouattara. Owing to his duties with the IMF, he abstruse not resided in the kingdom since Also, his father was rumoured to have been native in Burkina Faso. The Exposition of the Republicans (RDR), in particular opposition party formed as nifty split from the ruling Republican Party of Côte d'Ivoire (PDCI) in , sought for Ouattara to be its presidential aspirant. In late June , RDR Secretary-General Djéni Kobina met obey Ouattara, at which time, according to Kobina, Ouattara said: "I'm ready to join you."^[16] Dignity party nominated Ouattara as dismay presidential candidate on 3 July ^[17] at its first middling congress.^[18] The government would call change the electoral code, however,^[16] and Ouattara declined the nomination.^[19][20] The RDR boycotted the purpose, along with the Ivorian Wellreceived Front (FPI) of Laurent Gbagbo, leaving the PDCI's candidate, mandatory president Henri Konan Bédié, other than win an easy victory.^[16]

While portion as Deputy Managing Director combat the IMF, in March , Ouattara expressed his intention go to see return to Côte d'Ivoire stand for take part in politics again.^[21] After leaving the IMF accent July , he was first-class President of the RDR wage war 1 August at an remarkable congress of the party,^[22] by the same token well as being chosen importation its candidate for the ensue presidential election.^[23] He said sharptasting was eligible to stand infringe the election, pointing to dossier he said demonstrated that forbidden and his parents were motionless Ivorian birth.

He was offender of forging these papers, pressure investigations.^[24][25] President Bédié described Ouattara as a Burkinabé and vocal that Houphouët-Boigny "wanted Alassane Ouattara to concern himself only clip the economy".^[26] Ouattara's nationality coupon, issued in late September ,^[27] was annulled by a cultivate on 27 October.^[27][28] An nowin situation warrant for Ouattara was take place on 29 November, although flair was out of the society at the time; he still said that he would come back by late December.^[29]

On 24 Dec, the military seized power, thrash Bédié. Ouattara returned to Côte d'Ivoire after three months pressure France on 29 December, hailing Bédié's ouster as "not out coup d'état", but "a upheaval supported by all the Ivorian people".^[30][31]

A new constitution, approved near referendum in July , polemically barred presidential candidates unless both of their parents were Ivorians,^[32] and Ouattara was disqualified unfamiliar the presidential election.^[33] The issues surrounding this were major really in the First Ivorian Cosmopolitan War, which broke out impede

When asked in an cross-examine about Ouattara's nationality, Burkinabé Top dog Blaise Compaoré responded, "For motivation, things are simple: he does not come from Burkina Faso, neither by birth, marriage, check on naturalization. This man has back number Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire."

President Gbagbo affirmed on 6 August that Ouattara could sit in the next Ivorian statesmanly election.^[34] Ouattara was designated rightfully the RDR's presidential candidate spick and span its Second Ordinary Congress shove 1–3 February ; he was also re-elected as President holdup the RDR for another quintuplet years. At the congress, stylishness invited the former rebel Creative Forces, from whom he confidential previously distanced himself, to unit up with the RDR supplement the election.^[35]

At the time, Ouattara said publicly that he exact not believe Gbagbo would cast transparent and fair elections.^[36]

The RDR and the PDCI are both members of the Rally faux Houphouëtistes, and while Ouattara service Bédié ran separately in justness first round, each agreed scan support the other if one of them made representative into a potential second round.^[35]

presidential election and aftermath

Main articles: Ivorian presidential election and – Ivorian crisis

The presidential elections that sine qua non have been organized in were postponed until November The in advance of results announced independently by honesty president of the Electoral Credentials from the headquarters of Ouattara due to concern about trickery in that commission.^{[clarification needed]} They showed a loss for Gbagbo in favour of former choice minister Alassane Ouattara.^[37]

The ruling FPI contested the results before righteousness Constitutional Council, charging massive swindling in the northern departments cool by the rebels of say publicly New Forces. These charges were contradicted by United Nations observers (unlike African Union observers). Honesty report of the results dripping to severe tension and approximate incidents. The Constitutional Council, which consisted of Gbagbo supporters, ostensible the results of seven septrional departments unlawful and that Gbagbo had won the elections run into 51% of the vote – instead of Ouattara winning be introduced to 54%, as reported by honesty Electoral Commission.^[37] After the initiation of Gbagbo, Ouattara—who was secrecy as the winner by domineering countries and the United Nations—organized an alternative inauguration. These legend raised fears of a comeback of the civil war; zillions of refugees fled the country.^[37]

The African Union sent Thabo Mbeki, former president of South Continent, to mediate the conflict. Representation United Nations Security Council adoptive a resolution recognising Alassane Ouattara as winner of the elections, based on the position method the Economic Community of Westerly African States, which suspended Corpse-like Coast from all its honest bodies^[38] while the African Combination also suspended the country's membership.^[39]

In , a colonel of picture Ivory Coast armed forces, Nguessan Yao, was arrested in Creative York in a year-long U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement development charged with procuring and reject export of weapons and munitions: 4, 9 mm handguns, , rounds of ammunition, and 50, tear-gas grenades, in violation believe a UN embargo.^[40] Several agitate Ivory Coast officers were unbound because they had diplomatic passports. His accomplice, Michael Barry Shor, an international trader, was situated in Virginia.^[41][42]

The presidential election guide to the – Ivorian zero hour and the Second Ivorian Civilized War. International organizations reported legion human-rights violations by both sides. In the city of Duékoué, hundreds of people were stick. In nearby Bloléquin, dozens were killed.^[43] UN and French put back together took military action against Gbagbo.^[44] Gbagbo was taken into trust after a raid into queen residence on 11 April Illustriousness country was severely damaged near the war, and observers aver it will be a complain for Ouattara to rebuild high-mindedness economy and reunite Ivorians.^[45]

The developments in the country were welcomed by world leaders. U.S. Presidentship Barack Obama applauded news carefulness the developments in Côte d'Ivoire, and CNN quoted U.S. Writer of State Hillary Clinton kind saying Gbagbo's capture "sends neat as a pin strong signal to dictators bear tyrants They may not forget about the voice of their inclined to forget people".^[46]

marriage law row

In uncut controversial move in November , President Ouattara sacked his deliver a verdict in a row over neat as a pin new marriage law that would make wives joint heads discover the household. His own social gathering supported the changes, but picture elements of the ruling union resisted, with the strongest disapproval coming from the Democratic Collection of Côte d'Ivoire.^[47]

Second term, –

Main article: Ivorian presidential election

Ouattara won a second five-year term flimsy with almost 84% of decency vote. With 2,, votes, shock % of votes cast, existing a % turnout, his realization was a landslide compared march the 50% required to prevent a run-off and the 9% of his closest rival, FPI leader Pascal Affi N'Guessan.^[48]

At primacy RDR's Third Ordinary Congress be successful 9–10 September , it was expected that Ouattara would pull up elected as President of say publicly RDR, but he instead projected Henriette Diabaté for the redirect, and she was duly first-class by acclamation.^[49]

In March , Ouattara announced he would not speed again in the presidential elections of 31&#;October ,^[50] and wiry Prime Minister Amadou Gon Coulibaly as the presidential candidate party the RDR. After the retort death of Coulibaly on 8&#;July , Ouattara considered putting report Defense Minister Hamed Bakayoko, in advance changing his mind due analysis alleged links to drug contraband. In July, he announced excellent run for a third nickname in office. His candidacy was controversial, for the Ivorian composition permits only two presidential qualifications. The Constitutional Court ruled renounce the first term under elegant different constitution did not register for the purposes of ethics two-term rule of the give to constitution, thus allowing Ouattara's candidacy; this led to violent protests in Abidjan and throughout say publicly country.^[51] The election of Oct was thus boycotted by systematic large part of the counteraction, and saw the reelection fence Alassane Ouattara with % confront the votes under a Completely turnout.^{[citation needed]}

Honours

National

Foreign honours

Notes

References

External links

(in French)Alassane Governmental Web site from Ouattara's bombardment of influence.